PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY
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Chapter-1
Introduction to Pharmaceutical chemistry: Scope and objectives Sources and types of errors: Accuracy, precision, significant figures Impurities in Pharmaceuticals: Source and effect of impurities in Pharmacopoeial substances, importance of limit test, Principle and procedures of Limit tests for chlorides, sulphates, iron, heavy metals and arsenic.
Chapter-2
Volumetric analysis: Fundamentals of volumetric analysis, Acid-base titration, non-aqueous titration, precipitation titration, complex metric titration, redox titration
Gravimetric analysis: Principle and method
Chapter-3
Inorganic Pharmaceuticals: Pharmaceutical 7 formulations, market preparations, storage conditions and uses of
- Haematinics: Ferrous sulphate, Ferrous fumarate, Ferric ammonium citrate, Ferrous ascorbate, Carbonyl iron
- Antacids: Aluminium hydroxide gel, Magnesium hydroxide, Magaldrate, Sodium bicarbonate, Calcium Carbonate
- Anti-microbial agents: Silver Nitrate, Ionic Silver, Chlorhexidine Gluconate, Hydrogen peroxide, Boric acid, Bleaching powder, Potassium permanganate
- Dental products: Calcium carbonate, Sodium fluoride, Denture cleaners, Denture adhesives, Mouth washes
- Medicinal gases: Carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, oxygen
Chapter-4
Introduction to nomenclature of organic chemical systems with particular reference to heterocyclic compounds containing up to Three rings
Chapter-5
Study of the following category of medicinal compounds with respect to classification, chemical name, chemical structure (compounds marked with*) uses, stability and storage conditions, different types of formulations and their popular brand names
Drugs Acting on Central Nervous System
- Anaesthetics: Thiopental Sodium*, Ketamine Hydrochloride*, Propofol
- Sedatives and Hypnotics: Diazepam*, Alprazolam*, Nitrazepam, Phenobarbital*
- Antipsychotics: Chlorpromazine Hydrochloride*, Haloperidol*, Risperidone*, Sulpiride*, Olanzapine, Quetiapine, Lurasidone
- Anticonvulsants: Phenytoin*, Carbamazepine*, Clonazepam, Valproic Acid*, Gabapentin*, Topiramate, Vigabatrin, Lamotrigine
- Anti-Depressants: Amitriptyline Hydrochloride*, Imipramine Hydrochloride*, Fluoxetine*, Venlafaxine, Duloxetine, Sertraline, Citalopram, Escitalopram, Fluvoxamine, Paroxetine
Chapter-6
Study of the following category of medicinal compounds with respect to classification, chemical name, chemical structure (compounds marked with*) uses, stability and storage conditions, different types of formulations and their popular brand names
Drugs Acting on Autonomic Nervous System
Sympathomimetic Agents (Adrenergic Agonists)
Direct Acting Agents :
- Nor-epinephrine, *
- Phenylephrine,
- Terbutaline,
- Naphazoline, *
- Epinephrine,
- Dopamine, *
- Salbutamol,
- Tetrahydrozoline
Indirect Acting Agents :
- Hydroxyamphetamine,
- Pseudoephedrine
Sympathomimetic Agents (Adrenergic Agonists)
Mixed Acting Agents :
- Ephedrine,
- Metaraminol
Adrenergic Antagonists (Sympatholytic Agents)
Alpha Adrenergic Blockers :
- Tolazoline,
- Phentolamine,
- Phenoxybenzamine,
Adrenergic Antagonists (Sympatholytic Agents)
Beta Adrenergic Blockers :
- Propranolol, *
- Ateolol, *
- Carvedilol
Cholinergic Drugs And Related Agents (PARASYMPATHOMIMETRIC )
Direct Acting Agents
- Acetylcholine, *
- Carbachol,
Cholinesterase Inhibitors (Indirect Acting Agents)
- Neostigmine, *
- Edrophonium chloride,
- Tacrine hydrochloride,
- Echothiophate iodide.
Cholinergic Blocking Agents (Cholinergic Antagonists)
- Atropine sulphate, *
- Ipratropium bromide.
Synthetic Cholinergic Blocking Agents
- Tropicamide,
- Cyclopentolate hydrochloride,
- Clidinium bromide, and
- Dicyclomine hydrochloride. *
Chapter-7
Study of the following category of medicinal compounds with respect to classification, chemical name, chemical structure (compounds marked with*) uses, stability and storage conditions, different types of formulations and their popular brand names
Drugs Acting on Cardiovascular System
- Anti-Arrhythmic Drugs: Quinidine Sulphate, Procainamide Hydrochloride, Verapamil, Phenytoin Sodium*, Lidocaine Hydrochloride, Lorcainide Hydrochloride, Amiodarone and Sotalol
- Anti-Hypertensive Agents: Propranolol*, Captopril*, Ramipril, Methyldopate Hydrochloride, Clonidine Hydrochloride, Hydralazine Hydrochloride, Nifedipine,
- Antianginal Agents: Isosorbide Dinitrate
Chapter-8
Study of the following category of medicinal compounds with respect to classification, chemical name, chemical structure (compounds marked with*) uses, stability and storage conditions, different types of formulations and their popular brand names
Diuretics
- Acetazolamide, Frusemide*, Bumetanide, Chlorthalidone, Benzthiazide, Metolazone, Xipamide, Spironolactone
Chapter-9
Study of the following category of medicinal compounds with respect to classification, chemical name, chemical structure (compounds marked with*) uses, stability and storage conditions, different types of formulations and their popular brand names
Hypoglycemic Agents:
- Insulin and Its Preparations, Metformin*, Glibenclamide*, Glimepiride, Pioglitazone, Repaglinide, Gliflozins, Gliptins
Chapter-10
Study of the following category of medicinal compounds with respect to classification, chemical name, chemical structure (compounds marked with*) uses, stability and storage conditions, different types of formulations and their popular brand names
Analgesic And Anti-Inflammatory Agents
- Analgesic And Anti-Inflammatory Agents: Morphine Analogues, Narcotic Antagonists; Nonsteroidal AntiInflammatory Agents (NSAIDs) – Aspirin*, Diclofenac, Ibuprofen*, Piroxicam, Celecoxib, Mefenamic Acid, Paracetamol*, Aceclofenac
Chapter-11
Study of the following category of medicinal compounds with respect to classification, chemical name, chemical structure (compounds marked with*) uses, stability and storage conditions, different types of formulations and their popular brand names
Anti-Infective Agents
- Antifungal Agents: Amphotericin-B, Griseofulvin, Miconazole, Ketoconazole*, Itraconazole, Fluconazole*, Naftifine Hydrochloride
- Urinary Tract Anti-Infective Agents: Norfloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, Ofloxacin*, Moxifloxacin,
- Anti-Tubercular Agents: INH*, Ethambutol, Para Amino Salicylic Acid, Pyrazinamide, Rifampicin, Bedaquiline, Delamanid, Pretomanid*
- Antiviral Agents: Amantadine Hydrochloride, Idoxuridine, Acyclovir*, Foscarnet, Zidovudine, Ribavirin, Remdesivir, Favipiravir
- Antimalarials: Quinine Sulphate, Chloroquine Phosphate*, Primaquine Phosphate, Mefloquine*, Cycloguanil, Pyrimethamine, Artemisinin
- Sulfonamides: Sulfanilamide, Sulfadiazine, Sulfamethoxazole, Sulfacetamide*, Mafenide Acetate,Cotrimoxazole, Dapsone*
Chapter-12
Study of the following category of medicinal compounds with respect to classification, chemical name, chemical structure (compounds marked with*) uses, stability and storage conditions, different types of formulations and their popular brand names
Antibiotics
- Antibiotics: Penicillin G, Amoxicillin*, Cloxacillin, Streptomycin, Tetracyclines: Doxycycline, Minocycline, Macrolides: Erythromycin, Azithromycin, Miscellaneous: Chloramphenicol* Clindamycin
Chapter-13
Study of the following category of medicinal compounds with respect to classification, chemical name, chemical structure (compounds marked with*) uses, stability and storage conditions, different types of formulations and their popular brand names
Anti-Neoplastic Agents
- Anti-Neoplastic Agents: Cyclophosphamide*, Busulfan, Mercaptopurine, Fluorouracil*, Methotrexate, Dactinomycin, Doxorubicin Hydrochloride, Vinblastine Sulphate, Cisplatin*, Dromostanolone Propionate